{"id":6031,"date":"2025-12-31T11:00:23","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T07:30:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/?p=6031"},"modified":"2025-12-31T11:00:23","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T07:30:23","slug":"%d8%a2%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%a7-where-%d8%af%d8%b1-sql-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%87-%d9%81%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87%d9%87%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/%d8%a2%d8%b4%d9%86%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%a8%d8%a7-where-%d8%af%d8%b1-sql-%d9%88-%d9%86%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%87-%d9%81%db%8c%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87%d9%87%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 WHERE \u062f\u0631 SQL \u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0631 Structured Query Language \u06cc\u0627 SQL\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 WHERE \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 WHERE \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 WHERE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 NOT \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0631\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc SELECT \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 WHERE \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc UPDATE \u0648 DELETE \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0647\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u200c\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc (RDBMS) \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 SQL \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647: \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 RDBMS\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 SQL \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 RDBMS\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u06a9\u0633 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 MySQL \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 SSH \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f MySQL \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nmysql -u user -p\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 MySQL\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 where_db \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nCREATE DATABASE where_db;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nQuery OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 where_db \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nUSE where_db;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f. \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u06af \u06af\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06f6 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 golfers \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nCREATE TABLE golfers (\r\n    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,\r\n    name VARCHAR(100),\r\n    rounds_played INT,\r\n    best INT,\r\n    worst INT,\r\n    average FLOAT,\r\n    wins INT\r\n);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06f7 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nINSERT INTO golfers (name, rounds_played, best, worst, average, wins)\r\nVALUES\r\n('Matt', 21, 66, 92, 83.2, 9),\r\n('Liz', 19, 72, 95, 86.1, 7),\r\n('Pat', NULL, 69, 98, 79.4, 8),\r\n('Nick', 23, 68, 99, 89.5, 3),\r\n('Tony', NULL, 74, 96, 88.7, 1),\r\n('Vic', 18, 71, 97, 85.0, 1),\r\n('Al', 22, 73, 93, 81.4, 5);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc rounds_played \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 NULL \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u06af\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 best \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 worst \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 WHERE \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc SQL<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 SQL\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. WHERE \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 FROM \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT column_name\r\nFROM table_name\r\nWHERE search_condition;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 WHERE\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 search condition (\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f predicate (\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u060c \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 &#8220;true&#8221;\u060c &#8220;false&#8221; \u06cc\u0627 &#8220;unknown&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 WHERE \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\ncolumn_name = value\r\ncolumn_name &lt; value\r\ncolumn_name BETWEEN value1 AND value2\r\n...\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 predicate\u0647\u0627 &#8220;true&#8221; \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 golfers \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637 WHERE \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE (2 + 2) = 4;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06f1 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, wins\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE wins = 1;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<h3>\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0641\u0631\u0636\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 WHERE<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647:<\/strong> \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 (=\u060c \u060c =\u060c ) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Null:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 IS NULL \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc Null \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 BETWEEN \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u062a:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 IN \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648:<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 LIKE \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631 (\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 wildcards \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f % \u06cc\u0627 _).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0686\u0646\u062f predicate \u0628\u0627 AND \u0648 OR<\/h2>\n<p>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627 AND \u06cc\u0627 OR \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 AND \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, best, worst, average\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE best &lt; 70 AND worst &lt; 96;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 OR \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, best, worst, average\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE best &lt; 70 OR worst &lt; 96;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b AND \u0627\u0631\u062c\u062d\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 OR \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, average, worst, rounds_played\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE worst &lt; 95 AND rounds_played BETWEEN 19 AND 23 OR average &lt; 85;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, average, worst, rounds_played\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE (average &lt; 85 OR worst &lt; 95) AND rounds_played BETWEEN 19 AND 23;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 NOT \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 NOT \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE name NOT LIKE 'A%';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 Null \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 IS \u0648 NOT \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, rounds_played\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE rounds_played IS NOT NULL;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 NOT \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 WHERE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, average, best, wins\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE NOT (average &lt; 80 AND best &lt; 70);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0648\u0626\u0631\u06cc \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\r\nSELECT name, average, best, wins\r\nFROM golfers\r\nWHERE NOT (average &lt; 80 AND best &lt; 70 AND wins = 9);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 NOT \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc =).<\/p>\n<h2>\u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 WHERE \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 NOT \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc RDBMS \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 SQL \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 ParminCloud \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/\">\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0648\u062f<\/a><\/strong> \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0634\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<div style='text-align:center' class='yasr-auto-insert-visitor'><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0631 Structured Query Language \u06cc\u0627 SQL\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 WHERE \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 WHERE \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":6037,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"yasr_overall_rating":0,"yasr_post_is_review":"","yasr_auto_insert_disabled":"","yasr_review_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[376],"tags":[788,787,790,789,786],"class_list":["post-6031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-376","tag-and--or--sql","tag--sql-","tag--where--sql","tag----sql","tag-786"],"aioseo_notices":[],"yasr_visitor_votes":{"stars_attributes":{"read_only":false,"span_bottom":false},"number_of_votes":0,"sum_votes":0},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6031"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6039,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6031\/revisions\/6039"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6037"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}