{"id":7083,"date":"2026-09-26T17:00:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T13:30:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/?p=7083"},"modified":"2026-09-26T17:00:42","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T13:30:42","slug":"%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%a8%d9%87-%da%a9%d8%af%d9%86%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%a8%d9%87-%da%a9%d8%af%d9%86%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 (\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u2014to\u200c\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627\u2014\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b Manipulation \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 OOP\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc (Recursion) \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f LinkedList\u060c Stack \u0648 Map \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627 StringBuilder\u060c Iteration\u0650 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 char \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 replace()\u060c strip() \u0648 charAt() \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u2014not Mutate \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u061b \u0686\u0648\u0646 String\u060c Immutable \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634 Arrays.sort()\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 Binary Search\u060c Merge Sort \u0648 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u0621\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u062b\u200c\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 Diamond\u060c Polymorphism \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a Comparable \u0648 Comparator \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Multi-Thread \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 Deadlock\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u06cc synchronized\u060c wait()\/notify() \u0648 Collection\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 ConcurrentHashMap \u0648 BlockingQueue \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f8+ \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Stream\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a Lambda\u060c parallelStream() \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0631\u0634\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u062f Utility\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 reverse() \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 String \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 Iterate \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 StringBuilder\u0627\u06cc Append \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class StringPrograms {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  String str = \"123\";\n\n  System.out.println(reverse(str));\n }\n\n public static String reverse(String in) {\n  if (in == null)\n   throw new IllegalArgumentException(\"Null is not valid input\");\n\n  StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();\n\n  char&#91;] chars = in.toCharArray();\n\n  for (int i = chars.length - 1; i &gt;= 0; i--)\n   out.append(chars&#91;i]);\n\n  return out.toString();\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u06a9 null \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 StringBuilder \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Append \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f Indexing \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06f0 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u067e\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 <code>chars.length - 1<\/code> \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062f \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>b = b + a; \/\/ \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\na = b - a; \/\/ b - a = (b + a) - a = b (\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc a \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u062f)\nb = b - a; \/\/ (b + a) - b = a (\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc b \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u062f)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class SwapNumbers {\n\npublic static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n int a = 10;\n int b = 20;\n\n    System.out.println(\"a is \" + a + \" and b is \" + b);\n\n a = a + b;\n b = a - b;\n a = a - b;\n\n    System.out.println(\"After swapping, a is \" + a + \" and b is \" + b);\n    }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u062c\u0627\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>a is 10 and b is 20\nAfter swapping, a is 20 and b is 10<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class StringContainsVowels {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  System.out.println(stringContainsVowels(\"Hello\")); \/\/ true\n  System.out.println(stringContainsVowels(\"TV\")); \/\/ false\n }\n\n public static boolean stringContainsVowels(String input) {\n  return input.toLowerCase().matches(\".*&#91;aeiou].*\");\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 n \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06f2 \u062a\u0627 n\/2 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06f0 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class PrimeNumberCheck {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  System.out.println(isPrime(19)); \/\/ true\n  System.out.println(isPrime(49)); \/\/ false\n }\n\n public static boolean isPrime(int n) {\n  if (n == 0 || n == 1) {\n   return false;\n  }\n  if (n == 2) {\n   return true;\n  }\n  for (int i = 2; i &lt;= n \/ 2; i++) {\n   if (n % i == 0) {\n    return false;\n   }\n  }\n\n  return true;\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u062f N\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0650 M \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06f2 \u062a\u0627 \u221aN (\u062c\u0630\u0631 N) \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c N \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06f0 \u0648 \u06f1 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class PrintFibonacci {\n\n public static void printFibonacciSequence(int count) {\n  int a = 0;\n  int b = 1;\n  int c = 1;\n\n  for (int i = 1; i &lt;= count; i++) {\n   System.out.print(a + \", \");\n\n            a = b;\n   b = c;\n   c = a + b;\n  }\n }\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n     printFibonacciSequence(10);\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34,<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0645\u200c\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0627\u067e \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>F(N) = F(N-1) + F(N-2)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0686\u06cc \u06f1\u06f0-\u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class PrintFibonacciRecursive {\n\n    public static int fibonacci(int count) {\n  if (count &lt;= 1)\n   return count;\n\n  return fibonacci(count - 1) + fibonacci(count - 2);\n }\n\n public static void main(String args&#91;]) {\n     int seqLength = 10;\n\n     System.out.print(\"A Fibonacci sequence of \" + seqLength + \" numbers: \");\n\n     for (int i = 0; i &lt; seqLength; i++) {\n           System.out.print(fibonacci(i) + \" \");\n     }\n   }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Output\nA Fibonacci sequence of 10 numbers: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f6. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static boolean onlyOddNumbers(List&lt;Integer&gt; list) {\n for (int i : list) {\n  if (i % 2 == 0)\n   return false;\n }\n\n return true;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 Stream \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static boolean onlyOddNumbers(List&lt;Integer&gt; list) {\n return list\n   .parallelStream() \/\/ stream \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631\n   .anyMatch(x -&gt; x % 2 != 0); \/\/ \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u062d\u0636 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f7. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc Palindrome \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 Palindrome\u060c \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a (\u062c\u0644\u0648 \u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0628) \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 Palindrome\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f charAt(int index) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc Palindrome \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>boolean checkPalindromeString(String input) {\n boolean result = true;\n int length = input.length();\n\n for (int i = 0; i &lt; length\/2; i++) {\n  if (input.charAt(i) != input.charAt(length - i - 1)) {\n   result = false;\n   break;\n  }\n }\n\n return result;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f8. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f Character.isWhitespace() \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String removeWhiteSpaces(String input) {\n StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();\n \n char&#91;] charArray = input.toCharArray();\n \n for (char c : charArray) {\n  if (!Character.isWhitespace(c))\n   output.append(c);\n }\n \n return output.toString();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f9. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 String \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 Whitespace\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: <code>trim()<\/code> \u0648 <code>strip()<\/code>. \u0645\u062a\u062f strip() \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f1\u06f1 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 String \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u062f strip() \u0627\u0632 Character.isWhitespace() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 Whitespace \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0632 Code Point\u0647\u0627\u06cc Unicode \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061b \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f trim() \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 Code Point \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u06cc U+0020 \u0631\u0627 Whitespace \u062a\u0644\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u062f strip() \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 Whitespace\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u2014\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f Unicode \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 strip() \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String s = \"  abc  def\\t\";\n  \ns = s.strip();\n  \nSystem.out.println(s);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0686\u0648\u0646 String\u060c Immutable \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc strip() \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 Assign \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f0. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Utility \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc Arrays \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc sort() Overload \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc Primitive \u0648 Object \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 Primitive\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 Arrays.sort() \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int&#91;] array = {1, 2, 3, -1, -2, 4};\n\nArrays.sort(array);\n\nSystem.out.println(Arrays.toString(array));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Object\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c Object \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 Comparable \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f Comparator \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f1. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc Deadlock \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deadlock \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 Multi-Thread \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f Thread \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc Deadlock \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class ThreadDeadlock {\n\n    public static void main(String&#91;] args) throws InterruptedException {\n        Object obj1 = new Object();\n        Object obj2 = new Object();\n        Object obj3 = new Object();\n    \n        Thread t1 = new Thread(new SyncThread(obj1, obj2), \"t1\");\n        Thread t2 = new Thread(new SyncThread(obj2, obj3), \"t2\");\n        Thread t3 = new Thread(new SyncThread(obj3, obj1), \"t3\");\n        \n        t1.start();\n        Thread.sleep(5000);\n        t2.start();\n        Thread.sleep(5000);\n        t3.start();        \n    }\n\n}\n\nclass SyncThread implements Runnable {\n\n    private Object obj1;\n    private Object obj2;\n\n    public SyncThread(Object o1, Object o2) {\n        this.obj1 = o1;\n        this.obj2 = o2;\n    }\n\n    @Override\n    public void run() {\n        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();\n\n        System.out.println(name + \" acquiring lock on \" + obj1);\n        synchronized (obj1) {\n            System.out.println(name + \" acquired lock on \" + obj1);\n            work();\n            System.out.println(name + \" acquiring lock on \" + obj2);\n            synchronized (obj2) {\n                System.out.println(name + \" acquired lock on \" + obj2);\n                work();\n            }\n            System.out.println(name + \" released lock on \" + obj2);\n        }\n        System.out.println(name + \" released lock on \" + obj1);\n        System.out.println(name + \" finished execution.\");\n    }\n\n    private void work() {\n        try {\n            Thread.sleep(30000);\n        } catch (InterruptedException e) {\n            e.printStackTrace();\n        }\n    }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0631 \u0633\u0647 Thread \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u06cc Object \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627\u2014they \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u06cc Object \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 Thread Dump \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 Deadlock\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f2. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>F(n) = F(1)*F(2)...F(n-1)*F(n)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static long factorial(long n) {\n if (n == 1)\n  return 1;\n else\n  return (n * factorial(n - 1));\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f3. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 LinkedList \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u062a\u062f descendingIterator() \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 LinkedList\u060c Iterator\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 Iterate \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 Iterator \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a LinkedList \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>LinkedList&lt;Integer&gt; ll = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n\nll.add(1);\nll.add(2);\nll.add(3);\n\nSystem.out.println(ll);\n\nLinkedList&lt;Integer&gt; ll1 = new LinkedList&lt;&gt;();\n\nll.descendingIterator().forEachRemaining(ll1::add);\n\nSystem.out.println(ll1);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f4. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 Binary Search \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 Binary Search \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645 Binary Search \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 Key \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 Key \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 Key \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 Key \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f -\u06f1 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 Binary Search \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static int binarySearch(int arr&#91;], int low, int high, int key) {\n int mid = (low + high) \/ 2;\n\n while (low &lt;= high) {\n  if (arr&#91;mid] &lt; key) {\n   low = mid + 1;\n  } else if (arr&#91;mid] == key) {\n   return mid;\n  } else {\n   high = mid - 1;\n  }\n  mid = (low + high) \/ 2;\n }\n\n if (low &gt; high) {\n  return -1;\n }\n\n return -1;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f5. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 Merge Sort \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merge Sort \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u00ab\u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062d\u0644\u00bb (Divide and Conquer) \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u061b \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 Merge \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 Merge Sort \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class MergeSort {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  int&#91;] arr = { 70, 50, 30, 10, 20, 40, 60 };\n\n  int&#91;] merged = mergeSort(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);\n\n  for (int val : merged) {\n   System.out.print(val + \" \");\n  }\n }\n\n public static int&#91;] mergeTwoSortedArrays(int&#91;] one, int&#91;] two) {\n  int&#91;] sorted = new int&#91;one.length + two.length];\n\n  int i = 0;\n  int j = 0;\n  int k = 0;\n\n  while (i &lt; one.length &amp;&amp; j &lt; two.length) {\n   if (one&#91;i] &lt; two&#91;j]) {\n    sorted&#91;k] = one&#91;i];\n    k++;\n    i++;\n   } else {\n    sorted&#91;k] = two&#91;j];\n    k++;\n    j++;\n   }\n  }\n\n  if (i == one.length) {\n   while (j &lt; two.length) {\n    sorted&#91;k] = two&#91;j];\n    k++;\n    j++;\n   }\n  }\n\n  if (j == two.length) {\n   while (i &lt; one.length) {\n    sorted&#91;k] = one&#91;i];\n    k++;\n    i++;\n   }\n  }\n\n  return sorted;\n }\n\n public static int&#91;] mergeSort(int&#91;] arr, int lo, int hi) {\n  if (lo == hi) {\n   int&#91;] br = new int&#91;1];\n   br&#91;0] = arr&#91;lo];\n\n   return br;\n  }\n\n  int mid = (lo + hi) \/ 2;\n\n  int&#91;] fh = mergeSort(arr, lo, mid);\n  int&#91;] sh = mergeSort(arr, mid + 1, hi);\n\n  int&#91;] merged = mergeTwoSortedArrays(fh, sh);\n\n  return merged;\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f6. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f7. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06a9 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f\u061b \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import java.util.Arrays;\nimport java.util.HashSet;\nimport java.util.Set;\n\npublic class ArraySameElements {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  Integer&#91;] a1 = {1,2,3,2,1};\n  Integer&#91;] a2 = {1,2,3};\n  Integer&#91;] a3 = {1,2,3,4};\n  \n  System.out.println(sameElements(a1, a2));\n  System.out.println(sameElements(a1, a3));\n }\n\n static boolean sameElements(Object&#91;] array1, Object&#91;] array2) {\n  Set&lt;Object&gt; uniqueElements1 = new HashSet&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(array1));\n  Set&lt;Object&gt; uniqueElements2 = new HashSet&lt;&gt;(Arrays.asList(array2));\n  \n  \/\/ \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\n  if (uniqueElements1.size() != uniqueElements2.size()) return false;\n  \n  for (Object obj : uniqueElements1) {\n   \/\/ \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f\n   if (!uniqueElements2.contains(obj)) return false;\n  }\n  \n  return true;\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>true\nfalse<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f8. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Iterate \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0632\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int&#91;] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };\n\nint sum = 0;\n\nfor (int i : array)\n sum += i;\n\nSystem.out.println(sum);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f1\u06f9. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc-\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647-\u0628\u0647-\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 Iteration \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>private static int findSecondHighest(int&#91;] array) {\n int highest = Integer.MIN_VALUE;\n int secondHighest = Integer.MIN_VALUE;\n\n for (int i : array) {\n  if (i &gt; highest) {\n   secondHighest = highest;\n   highest = i;\n  } else if (i &gt; secondHighest) {\n   secondHighest = i;\n  }\n\n }\n return secondHighest;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f0. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u064f\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u0645 (Shuffle)\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Random \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc Index \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u064f\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int&#91;] array = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 };\n\nRandom rand = new Random();\n\nfor (int i = 0; i &lt; array.length; i++) {\n int randomIndexToSwap = rand.nextInt(array.length);\n int temp = array&#91;randomIndexToSwap];\n array&#91;randomIndexToSwap] = array&#91;i];\n array&#91;i] = temp;\n}\n\nSystem.out.println(Arrays.toString(array));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u0628\u064f\u0631\u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 for \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064f\u0631 \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f1. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Scanner \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0637-\u0628\u0647-\u062e\u0637 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f contains() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u06a9 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>boolean findStringInFile(String filePath, String str) throws FileNotFoundException {\n File file = new File(filePath);\n\n Scanner scanner = new Scanner(file);\n\n \/\/ \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\n while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {\n  String line = scanner.nextLine();\n  if (line.contains(str)) {\n   scanner.close();\n   return true;\n  }\n }\n scanner.close();\n\n return false;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f2. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 Format \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 SimpleDateFormat \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Format \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String pattern = \"MM-dd-yyyy\";\nSimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);\n\nString date = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());\nSystem.out.println(date); \/\/ 06-23-2020<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f3. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 Merge \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f addAll() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Merge \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>List&lt;String&gt; list1 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nlist1.add(\"1\");\nList&lt;String&gt; list2 = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\nlist2.add(\"2\");\n\nList&lt;String&gt; mergedList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(list1);\nmergedList.addAll(list2);\nSystem.out.println(mergedList); \/\/ &#91;1, 2]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f4. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 HashMap \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HashMap\u060c Collection \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 Entry\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 LinkedHashMap\u2014which \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u2014\u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import java.util.ArrayList;\nimport java.util.HashMap;\nimport java.util.LinkedHashMap;\nimport java.util.List;\nimport java.util.Map;\nimport java.util.Map.Entry;\nimport java.util.Set;\n\npublic class SortHashMapByValue {\n\n public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n  Map&lt;String, Integer&gt; scores = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n\n  scores.put(\"David\", 95);\n  scores.put(\"Jane\", 80);\n  scores.put(\"Mary\", 97);\n  scores.put(\"Lisa\", 78);\n  scores.put(\"Dino\", 65);\n\n  System.out.println(scores);\n\n  scores = sortByValue(scores);\n\n  System.out.println(scores);\n }\n\n private static Map&lt;String, Integer&gt; sortByValue(Map&lt;String, Integer&gt; scores) {\n  Map&lt;String, Integer&gt; sortedByValue = new LinkedHashMap&lt;&gt;();\n\n  \/\/ \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 entry \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\n  Set&lt;Entry&lt;String, Integer&gt;&gt; entrySet = scores.entrySet();\n\n  \/\/ \u0686\u0648\u0646 set \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\n  List&lt;Entry&lt;String, Integer&gt;&gt; entryList = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;(entrySet);\n\n  \/\/ \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\n  entryList.sort((x, y) -&gt; x.getValue().compareTo(y.getValue()));\n\n  \/\/ hash map \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\n  for (Entry&lt;String, Integer&gt; e : entryList)\n   sortedByValue.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());\n\n  return sortedByValue;\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f5. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 String \u0645\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 replace() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String str1 = \"abcdABCDabcdABCD\";\n  \nstr1 = str1.replace(\"a\", \"\"); \n\nSystem.out.println(str1); \/\/ bcdABCDbcdABCD<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">String \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 Immutable \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Manipulation \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u2014which \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 Assign \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f6. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0632 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f. \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0634 Iterate \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 HashMap\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Key \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Value \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String str1 = \"abcdABCDabcd\";\n\nchar&#91;] chars = str1.toCharArray();\n\nMap&lt;Character, Integer&gt; charsCount = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();\n\nfor (char c : chars) {\n if (charsCount.containsKey(c)) {\n  charsCount.put(c, charsCount.get(c) + 1);\n } else\n  charsCount.put(c, 1);\n}\n\nSystem.out.println(charsCount); \/\/ {a=2, A=1, b=2, B=1, c=2, C=1, d=2, D=1}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f7. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f Programmatically \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u06cc\u0621 String \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 Immutable \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f String\u060c Immutable \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String s1 = \"Java\"; \/\/ \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \"Java\" \u062f\u0631 pool \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0648 reference \u0628\u0647 s1 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\n\nString s2 = s1; \/\/s2 \u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 reference \u0628\u0647 \"Java\" \u062f\u0631 pool \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\n\nSystem.out.println(s1 == s2); \/\/ \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 s1 \u0648 s2 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 reference \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\n\ns1 = \"Python\"; \n\/\/ \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 s1 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0633 \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 String \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644-\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f\n\n\/\/ \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \"Python\" \u062f\u0631 pool \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\n\/\/ s1 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 pool \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\n\/\/ \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \"Java\" \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 pool \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\n\/\/ s2 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \"Java\" \u062f\u0631 pool \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\n\n\/\/ \u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 s1 \u0648 s2 reference\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\nSystem.out.println(s1 == s2); \n\nSystem.out.println(s2); \n\/\/ \"Java\" \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0633 String \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644-\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f8. \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062b\u200c\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u062f\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06a9\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0698\u0647 extends \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Animal \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f Cat\u060c \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Animal \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 Cat \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Animal {\n String color;\n}\n\nclass Cat extends Animal {\n void meow() {\n  System.out.println(\"Meow\");\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f2\u06f9. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 Diamond \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062b\u200c\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 Diamond \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u060c Extend \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>interface I {\n void foo();\n}\nclass A implements I {\n public void foo() {}\n}\n\nclass B implements I {\n public void foo() {}\n}\n\nclass C extends A, B { \/\/ \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\n public void bar() {\n  super.foo();\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f0. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 try-catch \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>try {\n FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(\"test.txt\");\n} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {\n e.printStackTrace();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f7 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f Exception \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9 catch \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u2014\u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u06cc catch \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static void foo(int x) throws IllegalArgumentException, NullPointerException {\n \/\/ \u06a9\u062f\u06cc\n}\n\npublic static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n try {\n  foo(10);\n } catch (IllegalArgumentException | NullPointerException e) {\n  System.out.println(e.getMessage());\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f1. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 NullPointerException \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc null \u0635\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c NullPointerException \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n printString(null, 3);\n \n}\n\nstatic void printString(String s, int count) {\n for (int i = 0; i &lt; count; i++) {\n  System.out.println(s.toUpperCase()); \/\/ Exception in thread \"main\" java.lang.NullPointerException\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u06a9 null \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Validation \u0632\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>static void printString(String s, int count) {\n if (s == null) return;\n for (int i = 0; i &lt; count; i++) {\n  System.out.println(s.toUpperCase());\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f2. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 Record \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Record \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f1\u06f6 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062f. Record\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 POJO \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. Record\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u062f hashCode()\u060c equals()\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Getter \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f toString() \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. Record\u0647\u0627 Final \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 java.lang.Record \u0631\u0627 Extend \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>import java.util.Map;\n \npublic record EmpRecord(int id, String name, long salary, Map&lt;String, String&gt; addresses) {\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f3. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 Text Block \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f1\u06f5 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a Text Block \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627 Text Block \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f. \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062e\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0641\u062a \u0633\u0647-\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String textBlock = \"\"\"\n  Hi\n  Hello\n  Yes\"\"\";<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;Hi\\nHello\\nYes&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f4. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Switch Expression \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a case \u0686\u0646\u062f-Label \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>int choice = 2;\n\nint x = switch (choice) {\n    case 1, 2, 3:\n     yield choice;\n    default:\n     yield -1;\n};\n\nSystem.out.println(\"x = \" + x); \/\/ x = 2<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0645\u200c\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a Lambda \u062f\u0631 Switch Expression \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String day = \"TH\";\nString result = switch (day) {\n    case \"M\", \"W\", \"F\" -&gt; \"MWF\";\n    case \"T\", \"TH\", \"S\" -&gt; \"TTS\";\n\n    default -&gt; {\n     if (day.isEmpty())\n      yield \"Please insert a valid day.\";\n     else\n      yield \"Looks like a Sunday.\";\n    }\n};\n\nSystem.out.println(result); \/\/ TTS<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f5. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class Test {\n\npublic static void main(String args&#91;]) {\n  System.out.println(\"Hi\");\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 Terminal \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>javac Test.java<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>java Test<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062f\u0631 Release\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 java \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 Package\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f com.example \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 com\/example \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>java com\/example\/Test.java<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 JAR\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 <code>java -cp<\/code> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>java -cp .:~\/.m2\/repository\/log4j\/log4j\/1.2.17\/log4j-1.2.17.jar com\/example\/Test.java<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f6. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 Enum \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public enum ThreadStates {\n START,\n RUNNING,\n WAITING,\n DEAD;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ThreadStates\u060c Enum \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0650 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 START\u060c RUNNING\u060c WAITING \u0648 DEAD \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0647 Enum\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 java.lang.Enum \u0631\u0627 Extend \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u0627\u06cc Serializable \u0648 Comparable \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. Enum\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f7. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u062f forEach() \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>List&lt;String&gt; list = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n\nIterator&lt;String&gt; it = list.iterator();\n\nwhile (it.hasNext()) {\n System.out.println(it.next());\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a Lambda \u0627\u0632 forEach() \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u06a9\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>List&lt;String&gt; list = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n\nlist.forEach(System.out::print);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f8. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f default \u0648 static \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f8 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc default \u0648 static \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u06cc Abstract \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public interface Interface1 {\n \n \/\/ \u0645\u062a\u062f abstract \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc\n void method1(String str);\n \n default void log(String str) {\n  System.out.println(\"I1 logging::\" + str);\n }\n \n static boolean isNull(String str) {\n  System.out.println(\"Interface Null Check\");\n\n  return str == null ? true : \"\".equals(str) ? true : false;\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f3\u06f9. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u062f Abstract\u060c <strong>\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u0632\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a Lambda \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Instantiate \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Anonymous \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>@FunctionalInterface\ninterface Foo {\n void test();\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4\u06f0. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a Lambda \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Runnable \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0650 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Runnable r1 = () -&gt; System.out.println(\"My Runnable\");<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4\u06f1. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Overloading \u0648 Overriding \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c <strong>Overloaded<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Foo {\n void print(String s) {\n  System.out.println(s);\n }\n\n void print(String s, int count) {\n  while (count &gt; 0) {\n   System.out.println(s);\n   count--;\n  }\n }\n\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f Superclass \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c <strong>Overriding<\/strong> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>class Base {\n void printName() {\n  System.out.println(\"Base Class\");\n }\n}\n\nclass Child extends Base {\n @Override\n void printName() {\n  System.out.println(\"Child Class\");\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f4\u06f2 \u062a\u0627 \u06f4\u06f9. \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647\u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String s1 = \"abc\";\nString s2 = \"abc\";\n\nSystem.out.println(\"s1 == s2 is:\" + s1 == s2);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f3.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String s3 = \"JournalDev\";\nint start = 1;\nchar end = 5;\n\nSystem.out.println(s3.substring(start, end));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f4.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>HashSet shortSet = new HashSet();\n\n for (short i = 0; i &lt; 100; i++) {\n    shortSet.add(i);\n    shortSet.remove(i - 1);\n}\n\nSystem.out.println(shortSet.size());<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f5.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>try {\n if (flag) {\n    while (true) {\n     }\n    } else {\n     System.exit(1);\n    }\n} finally {\n    System.out.println(\"In Finally\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f6.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String str = null;\nString str1=\"abc\";\n\nSystem.out.println(str1.equals(\"abc\") | str.equals(null));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f7.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>String x = \"abc\";\nString y = \"abc\";\n\nx.concat(y);\n\nSystem.out.print(x);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f8.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class MathTest {\n\n  public void main(String&#91;] args) {    \n     int x = 10 * 10 - 10;\n     \n     System.out.println(x);\n    }\n   \n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4\u06f9.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>public class Test {\n   \n   public static void main(String&#91;] args) {\n     try {\n      throw new IOException(\"Hello\");\n     } catch(IOException | Exception e) {\n      System.out.println(e.getMessage());\n     }\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u06f5\u06f0. \u06f5 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>package com.digitalocean.programming-interviews;\n\npublic class String Programs {\n\n static void main(String&#91;10] args) {\n  String s = \"abc\"\n  System.out.println(s);\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06f1. \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u00abString Programs\u00bb \u2014 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<br>\u06f2. \u0645\u062a\u062f <code>main<\/code> \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f <code>public<\/code> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 <code>static<\/code>.<br>\u06f3. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 <code>String[10] args<\/code> \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u2014 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f <code>String[] args<\/code> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<br>\u06f4. \u0633\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0646 (<code>;<\/code>) \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 <code>\"abc\"<\/code> \u062c\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647.<br>\u06f5. \u0646\u0627\u0645 Package \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f (\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d: Collection \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 Stream<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Collection \u0648 Stream \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Collection\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Collection\u060c \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 Object\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc Manipulate \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 Manipulate \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627: List\u060c Set\u060c Map \u0648 Queue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0648 Manipulate \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Stream\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Stream\u060c \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u200c\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u200c\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Stream\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc:<\/strong> Collection\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061b Stream\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u2014\u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634:<\/strong> Collection\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u061b Stream\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lazy \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 Eager:<\/strong> Stream\u0647\u0627 Lazy \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u2014\u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a Terminal \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. Collection\u0647\u0627 Eager \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u2014\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Multi-Thread \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc Multi-Thread \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u06f1. \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 Singleton \u0627\u0645\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc-Thread \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f2. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u06cc synchronized \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0647 Thread Safety \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br>\u06f3. \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 Producer-Consumer \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc wait() \u0648 notify() \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f4. \u0627\u0632 ExecutorService \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f5. Cache \u0627\u0645\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc-Thread \u0628\u0627 ConcurrentHashMap \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f6. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc Atomic \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc-Thread \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<br>\u06f7. \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u06cc Deadlock \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f8. \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u0633 Lock \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Synchronize \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 Thread \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f9. \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc-Thread \u0628\u0627 BlockingQueue \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u06f1\u06f0. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 CompletableFuture \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0645\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f1. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Core Java:<\/strong> \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 OOP\u060c \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a Exception.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0648\u0631\u06a9 Java Collections:<\/strong> List\u060c Set\u060c Map \u0648 Queue.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Multi-Thread \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc:<\/strong> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Thread\u060c Synchronization \u0648 Collection\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627:<\/strong> \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 String\u060c StringBuilder \u0648 Arrays.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627:<\/strong> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f2. \u0686\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0645\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 Core \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u067e\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 LeetCode\u060c HackerRank \u06cc\u0627 CodeWars.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> Multi-Thread\u060c \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Serialization \u0648 Reflection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u062d\u062b \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Whiteboarding \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u06cc \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc Whiteboard.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f3. \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0686\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u0645\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f8<\/strong> \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u2014\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a Lambda\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u06cc \u0648 API \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\/\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u2014\u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 <strong>\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u06f1\u06f1<\/strong> \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f4. Multi-Thread \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multi-Thread \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u2014\u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a Thread\u060c Synchronization\u060c Deadlock \u0648 Collection\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u200c\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 Multi-Thread \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0632\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0642\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u200c\u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc-Thread \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u06f5. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0637 LinkedList<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 Stack \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 Queue<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u062e\u062a \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0648\u06cc\u06cc (BST)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 Producer-Consumer \u0628\u0627 Multi-Thread<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 Cache \u0628\u0627 HashMap<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 Subarray<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u06f5\u06f0 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u2014including \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647\u2014\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f. \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u2014to\u200c\u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0647\u0627\u2014\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u062f\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b Manipulation \u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 OOP\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc (Recursion) \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":7084,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[190,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7083","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-programming","category-8"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7083"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7085,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7083\/revisions\/7085"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7084"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7083"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7083"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/parmin.cloud\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}